{"id":172459,"date":"2022-07-28T14:49:10","date_gmt":"2022-07-28T19:49:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/?p=172459"},"modified":"2024-06-09T11:44:24","modified_gmt":"2024-06-09T16:44:24","slug":"how-to-recognize-and-treat-heat-stroke-and-heat-exhaustion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/health-fitness\/health\/how-to-recognize-and-treat-heat-stroke-and-heat-exhaustion\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Recognize and Treat Heat Stroke and Heat Exhaustion"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-172460\" src=\"https:\/\/content.artofmanliness.com\/uploads\/2022\/07\/heat-boy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"724\" height=\"483\" srcset=\"https:\/\/content.artofmanliness.com\/uploads\/2022\/07\/heat-boy.jpg 724w, https:\/\/content.artofmanliness.com\/uploads\/2022\/07\/heat-boy-320x213.jpg 320w, https:\/\/content.artofmanliness.com\/uploads\/2022\/07\/heat-boy-640x427.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 724px) 100vw, 724px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It&#8217;s been freaking hot around the world this summer. Here in Oklahoma we&#8217;ve had more than a dozen days in July alone with temperatures over 100 degrees.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The chances of suffering a heat-related illness like heat exhaustion and heat stroke go up during extreme heat. According to the CDC, between 2004 and 2018, an average of 702 people died annually from heat-related causes, and thousands more ended up in the hospital. Small children and adults over 65 are most susceptible to heat-related illness. However, it can hit anyone who works or exercises vigorously in the heat. In fact, heat stroke is one of the three most common killers of soldiers and athletes in training.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Below we share how to recognize heat exhaustion and heat stroke and what to do to treat both conditions.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">How to Recognize &amp; Treat Heat Exhaustion&nbsp;<\/span><\/h2>\n<h2>Heat Exhaustion Symptoms<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Heat exhaustion occurs when your body can no longer cool itself down through sweating due to a loss of water and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/health-fitness\/health\/whats-the-deal-with-electrolytes-anyway\/\">electrolytes<\/a>. Heat exhaustion needs to be treated as soon as you recognize it in yourself or others. Left untreated, it can develop into its more severe sibling: heat stroke.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Symptoms of heat exhaustion include:&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Heavy sweating<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cold, pale, and clammy skin<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fast, weak pulse<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nausea or vomiting<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Muscle cramps<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tiredness or weakness<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dizziness<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Headache<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brief fainting (passing out)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>How to Treat Heat Exhaustion<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The goal of treating heat exhaustion is to cool the sufferer down and restore their fluids.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Move to a cool room. If you don&#8217;t have access to an air-conditioned room, at least move to a shady spot.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Take a cold shower or bath. If that&#8217;s not possible, drape (do not tightly wrap \u2014 this will trap heat) cool, wet towels\/cloths on the body. Turn a fan on these towels if you can.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Remove extra clothing.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sip cool fluids, like water and Gatorade.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If heat exhaustion symptoms continue for an hour despite your treatment, seek professional medical assistance.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">How to Recognize &amp; Treat Heat Exhaustion&nbsp;<\/span><\/h2>\n<h2>Heat Stroke Symptoms<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Heat stroke is the most serious of heat-related illnesses. With heat stroke, the body has lost its ability to cool itself down, resulting in a dangerously high internal body temperature (above 104 degrees Fahrenheit). High internal body temperature is potentially life-threatening as it can cause seizures, organ failure, and rhabdomyolysis. Even if you recover from heat stroke, you can still suffer long-term damage to your heart, brain (creating cognitive deficiencies), kidneys (requiring lifelong dialysis or a transplant), and liver (also requiring a transplant). Heat stroke victims often die months after they\u2019ve \u201crecovered.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To guide me on the intricacies of identifying and treating heat stroke, I talked to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ksi.uconn.edu\/about\/staff\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sean Langan<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a research assistant at the Korey Stringer Institute at the University of Connecticut. The Korey Stringer Institute specializes in research in preventing heat stroke deaths among athletes.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Heat stroke symptoms include:&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Confusion<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aggression\/agitation<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dizziness<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fainting<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Seizures<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Very high body temperature (104 degrees F or higher)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Red, hot, dry skin (no sweating). Sean notes that you rarely see dry skin in people with <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">exertional<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> heat stroke (caused by exercising or working in the heat). Those exerting themselves in the heat may still be sweaty, and you\u2019ll need to be on the lookout for other symptoms, particularly CNS dysfunction.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Throbbing headache<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nausea\/vomiting<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rapid breathing<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rapid pulse<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to Dr. Langan, the critical heat stroke symptom to be on the lookout for is CNS dysfunction:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can have really fit people who have an internal body temperature of 104 degrees Fahrenheit at the end of a marathon who are fine. Their body is adapted to having that high of an internal temp so they don\u2019t have any CNS dysfunction and they cool down quickly after they finish their race.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can also have someone who has an internal body temperature of 103, but they\u2019re experiencing CNS dysfunction. This person has heat stroke and needs to be treated.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you see someone who\u2019s been in the heat who\u2019s showing signs of CNS dysfunction, your best bet is to start treating that person for heat stroke. To confirm, take their temperature with a rectal thermometer (it will give you the most accurate reading) to see if it\u2019s around that 104-degree mark.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>How to Treat Heat Stroke<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you suspect that you or someone else has heat stroke, immediately call 911. This is a life-threatening emergency.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After you&#8217;ve called 911 and while waiting for help, your goal is to cool the victim down as quickly as possible. Research shows that recovery from heat stroke is nearly 100% so long as the body is cooled down within 30 minutes of its onset. After that, serious, lasting, and potentially fatal complications will kick in. So time is truly of the essence.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Move to a cool location.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Remove excess clothing.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Put the victim in an ice bath. This is the best treatment to pursue. If that&#8217;s not possible, douse the victim with cold water and place cold, wet cloths\/towels all over their body.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pay special attention to cooling certain areas of the body. While you should cool the entire body down, research from <a href=\"https:\/\/news.stanford.edu\/2017\/12\/27\/cooling-glove-helps-athletes-patients\/\">Stanford scientist Craig Heller<\/a> suggests that you shouldn&#8217;t overlook the palms of the hands and the bottoms of the feet. When we overheat, blood flow increases to these areas of the body, which Heller calls &#8220;natural mammalian radiators.\u201d You can take advantage of this increased blood flow by placing cool rags on the palms of the victim&#8217;s hands and the bottoms of their feet. The cool rag will cool the blood, and the blood will return through the veins directly to the heart, helping to bring down the body\u2019s temperature. Cold compresses in the groin and armpits will do the same thing.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Once you\u2019ve cooled the person down, provide fluids. Dr. Langan told me giving fluids to a heat stroke victim isn\u2019t a top priority as it doesn\u2019t do much to help cool the person down, which is your primary task. Once the victim is cooled down, offer fluids to rehydrate.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Continue monitoring internal temperature until it is down to 102. According to Dr. Langan, that\u2019s the safe zone.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Preventing Heat Exhaustion and Heat Stroke<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure, and there are several things you can do to prevent heat exhaustion and heat stroke<\/span>:<\/p>\n<p><b>Drink plenty of water (and electrolytes). <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Duh! Your body cools itself by sweating. If you don&#8217;t have enough fluids in your body, you can&#8217;t sweat. If you know you will be outside in the heat, hydrate beforehand. While you&#8217;re out there, drink at least 8 ounces of water every 15 to 20 minutes.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Don\u2019t skimp on the electrolytes either. Aim to ingest 500-700 milligrams of sodium for every hour you exercise. You can get this sodium from sports drinks or electrolyte pills. I like using a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/3zh4Cbz\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">liquid electrolyte product<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which allows me to add more or less to my water, depending on how much I\u2019ve exercised\/sweated.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Avoid being outside during the hottest parts of the day and when it\u2019s humid.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 3 to 5 p.m. is usually the hottest part of the day. If you can, stay inside during this window.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Also keep in mind that it\u2019s harder for the body to cool itself the more humid it is.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Be fit. <\/b>Fit people are not immune to heat stroke, but f<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">itter people are generally better able to handle the heat. Start exercising. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/health-fitness\/could-physical-activity-be-the-solution-to-almost-everything\/\">It\u2019s the cure for almost everything<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Gradually acclimate to the heat. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you can&#8217;t avoid being outside in the heat due to scheduled work or sports, you can help your body adjust to it to reduce the likelihood of developing a heat illness.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dr. Langan highlighted several adaptations your body makes as it acclimatizes to the heat. For example, you sweat more and start sweating at a lower body temp, your plasma volume increases, and your core body temp stays lower longer at a given workload.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Due to American football players dying from heat stroke in the late summer and early fall, several states have implemented mandatory preseason <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/jat\/article\/44\/3\/332\/110945\/Preseason-Heat-Acclimatization-Guidelines-for\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">heat acclimation protocols for high school athletes<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. These states have seen a 55% reduction in heat illnesses since beginning these protocols.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The gist of the heat acclimation protocol is to gradually increase the length and intensity of activity done in the heat. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/health-fitness\/how-saunas-can-help-save-your-body-mind-and-spirit\/\">Regular sauna use<\/a> can also help speed the acclimation process along.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dr. Langan told me that you can start to see heat adaptation in as little as 3-5 days, but if you really want to ensure you\u2019re ready for hard work in high temps, two weeks is the ideal acclimation time.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Be smart, plan ahead, get adaptable, and you\u2019ll be ready to face the heat.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>It&#8217;s been freaking hot around the world this summer. Here in Oklahoma we&#8217;ve had more than a dozen days in July alone with temperatures over 100 degrees.&nbsp; The chances of suffering a heat-related illness like heat exhaustion and heat stroke go up during extreme heat. According to the CDC, between 2004 and 2018, an average [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":172460,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"activitypub_content_warning":"","activitypub_content_visibility":"","activitypub_max_image_attachments":3,"activitypub_interaction_policy_quote":"","activitypub_status":"federate","footnotes":""},"categories":[6,42265,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-172459","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-featured","category-health","category-health-fitness"],"featured_image_urls":{"large":"https:\/\/content.artofmanliness.com\/uploads\/2022\/07\/heat-boy-538x280.jpg","aom":"https:\/\/content.artofmanliness.com\/uploads\/2022\/07\/heat-boy-372x230.jpg","reactor-320":"https:\/\/content.artofmanliness.com\/uploads\/2022\/07\/heat-boy-320x213.jpg","reactor-640":"https:\/\/content.artofmanliness.com\/uploads\/2022\/07\/heat-boy-640x427.jpg"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.6 (Yoast SEO v26.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The Dangers of Extreme Heat: Effects of Heat Exhaustion | The Art of Manliness<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover the risks and consequences of heat-related illnesses. Learn to recognize and manage heat exhaustion and heat stroke in extreme temperatures.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/health-fitness\/health\/how-to-recognize-and-treat-heat-stroke-and-heat-exhaustion\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Recognize and Treat Heat Stroke and Heat Exhaustion | The Art of Manliness\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Discover the risks and consequences of heat-related illnesses. Learn to recognize and manage heat exhaustion and heat stroke in extreme temperatures.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/health-fitness\/health\/how-to-recognize-and-treat-heat-stroke-and-heat-exhaustion\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"The Art of Manliness\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"http:\/\/facebook.com\/artofmanliness\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-07-28T19:49:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-06-09T16:44:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/content.artofmanliness.com\/uploads\/2022\/07\/heat-boy.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"724\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"483\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Brett &amp; Kate McKay\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@artofmanliness\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@artofmanliness\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Brett &amp; Kate McKay\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/health-fitness\/health\/how-to-recognize-and-treat-heat-stroke-and-heat-exhaustion\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/health-fitness\/health\/how-to-recognize-and-treat-heat-stroke-and-heat-exhaustion\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Brett &amp; Kate McKay\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/#\/schema\/person\/a7b087556bf906b866d7fe5e2d01e602\"},\"headline\":\"How to Recognize and Treat Heat Stroke and Heat Exhaustion\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-07-28T19:49:10+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-06-09T16:44:24+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/health-fitness\/health\/how-to-recognize-and-treat-heat-stroke-and-heat-exhaustion\/\"},\"wordCount\":1495,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/health-fitness\/health\/how-to-recognize-and-treat-heat-stroke-and-heat-exhaustion\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/content.artofmanliness.com\/uploads\/2022\/07\/heat-boy.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Featured\",\"Health\",\"Health &amp; Fitness\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"copyrightYear\":\"2022\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/health-fitness\/health\/how-to-recognize-and-treat-heat-stroke-and-heat-exhaustion\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/health-fitness\/health\/how-to-recognize-and-treat-heat-stroke-and-heat-exhaustion\/\",\"name\":\"The Dangers of Extreme Heat: Effects of Heat Exhaustion | The Art of Manliness\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/health-fitness\/health\/how-to-recognize-and-treat-heat-stroke-and-heat-exhaustion\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/health-fitness\/health\/how-to-recognize-and-treat-heat-stroke-and-heat-exhaustion\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/content.artofmanliness.com\/uploads\/2022\/07\/heat-boy.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-07-28T19:49:10+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-06-09T16:44:24+00:00\",\"description\":\"Discover the risks and consequences of heat-related illnesses. 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